曹雷,王华庆,郑景山,袁平,曹玲生,张国民,姜柯羽

• 1:中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心

摘要(Abstract)：

目的了解1～2岁儿童扩大国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP)疫苗接种率现况,特别是2008年新纳入NIP疫苗接种率情况。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,结合各地麻疹发病率水平随机抽取全国32个县、160个乡、480个村的4681名儿童,入户问卷调查1～2岁儿童NIP疫苗接种情况。结果调查儿童1剂卡介苗(Bacilli Calmette-Guerin Vaccine,BCG)、3剂口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(Oral Poliom yelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,OPV3)、3剂白喉-破伤风-百日咳联合疫苗(Diphtheria,Tetanus and Pertussis Combined Vaccine,DTP3)、1剂含麻疹成分疫苗(Measles-containing Vaccine,MCV1)(以上简称四苗)、3剂乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB3)(以上简称五苗)的全程免疫接种率分别为99.79%、99.74%、99.44%、99.42%、99.49%,四苗和五苗的全程接种率为98.95%、98.74%。第4剂DTP(DTP4)、第2剂MCV(MCV2)免疫接种率分别为91.05%、93.35%。NIP新增疫苗A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗(Group A Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine,MPV-A)第1剂(MPV-A1)、甲型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis A Vaccine,HepA)、流行性乙型脑炎疫苗(Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine,JEV)第1剂(JEV1)免疫接种率均>90%,第2剂JEV(JEV2)免疫接种率89.49%。东、中部地区儿童建预防接种证率、DTP3、MCV1、四苗全程、五苗全程、DTP4、MCV2、JEV、MPV-A、HepA接种率与西部地区相比差异均有统计学意义(2=4.618～486.907,P均<0.05),东部地区儿童第2剂MPV-A(MPV-A2)、JEV2、HepA免疫接种率与中部地区相比差异均有统计学意义(2=13.099～24.285,P均<0.05)。结论 NIP非新增疫苗基础免疫(初种)接种率>90%,但其加强免疫(复种)接种率相对较低。NIP新增疫苗接种率>85%,但NIP新增疫苗接种率地区间差异明显。

关键词(KeyWords)： 扩大国家免疫规划;新增疫苗;接种率

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 曹雷,王华庆,郑景山,袁平,曹玲生,张国民,姜柯羽

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