陶三菊

• 1:中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所 北京100052

摘要(Abstract)：

流行性乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )是一种严重危害人类 (特别是儿童 )健康的急性传染病 ,病死率高 (5 %～ 35 %) ,后遗症严重 (30 %～ 5 0 %)。过去乙脑主要在亚洲和东南亚的一些国家流行。然而 ,自 2 0世纪 90年代以来乙脑传播到一些原来的非流行区 ,原属非流行区的一些国家和地区首次报道了乙脑流行以及乙脑患者病后遗留的后遗症。为了有效控制乙脑流行 ,必须加强乙脑的监测和预防。开展和加强乙脑的流行监测 (包括人群抗体水平、蚊带毒率、猪抗体阳转率、乙脑病例诊断以及对新分离乙脑病毒抗原变异等的监测 )是非常必要的。我国每年仍报 1万～ 2万病例 ,如何减少乙脑病例是主要问题 ,建议提高对易感人群乙脑疫苗接种覆盖面 ,特别是广大农村儿童 ,是预防乙脑的有效措施。

关键词(KeyWords)： 流行性乙型脑炎;后遗症;监测;预防

Abstract:

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基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 陶三菊

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