武文娣,刘大卫,李克莉,许涤沙,郑景山,曹玲生,曹雷,袁平,王华庆

• 1:中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心

摘要(Abstract)：

目的分析全国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)2010年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI信息管理系统运转情况及预防接种安全性。方法通过全国AEFI信息管理系统,收集截至2012年3月13日报告的2010年AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果全国2010年AEFI信息管理系统共收到56001例个案,严重AEFI1368例,非严重AEFI54633例。全国除西藏自治区外,各省(自治区、直辖市,下同)均有AEFI数据报告,共2561个县有数据报告,报告县比例为82.88%。48h内报告率为95.35%,48h内调查率为98.72%。AEFI报告数≤1岁占63.43%;男、女性别比为1.41∶1;集中在第三季度。AEFI分类率为99.72%。主要疫苗的严重AEFI估算报告发生率在0.54/100万剂～31.08/100万剂;非严重AEFI报告发生率在11.45/100万剂～1494.38/100万剂。一般反应以发热、红肿、硬结为主,预防接种异常反应以过敏性皮疹、无菌性脓肿、卡介苗淋巴结炎、过敏性紫癜和血管性水肿为主。不良反应主要集中在接种后≤1d。不同疫苗的预防接种异常反应估算报告发生率为:全身播散性卡介苗感染0.24/100万剂;疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎0.21/100万剂;百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗无菌性脓肿6.55/100万剂;麻疹减毒活疫苗过敏性紫癜0.25/100万剂,血小板减少性紫癜0.03/100万剂;麻疹-流行性腮腺炎-风疹联合减毒活疫苗过敏性紫癜0.84/100万剂;乙型肝炎疫苗过敏性休克0.07/100万。在所有AEFI中,治愈和好转占98.07%,死亡129例,其中预防接种异常反应17例。结论全国AEFI监测的敏感性有较大提高,但各省差异较大;AEFI常发生在小年龄儿童和接种后≤1d;国家免疫规划疫苗不良反应报告发生率均在预期发生范围内。

关键词(KeyWords)： 疑似预防接种异常反应;监测

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 武文娣,刘大卫,李克莉,许涤沙,郑景山,曹玲生,曹雷,袁平,王华庆

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