马超,郝利新,苏琪茹,马静,张燕,曹雷,罗会明

• 1:中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心
• 2:中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所
• 3:世界卫生组织西太平洋区麻疹参比实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

目的分析中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)2011年麻疹流行病学特征和采取的措施,为消除麻疹提供参考。方法对全国麻疹发病、麻疹监测系统(Measles Surveillance System,MSS)运转指标及采取的消除麻疹措施进行描述流行病学分析。结果全国2011年麻疹报告发病率为0.74/10万,较2010年下降74.12%,降至历史新低。西藏、新疆、青海、甘肃、陕西省(自治区,下同)报告发病率居全国前5位,新疆、四川、浙江、陕西、甘肃省麻疹病例数居全国前5位,5个省的病例数占全国病例总数的57.61%。年龄别发病率以<5岁儿童最高(8.21/10万),其中尤以<1岁儿童(23.52/10万)和1岁儿童(8.87/10万)最高。≤1岁病例占病例总数的53.90%,≥15岁病例占27.58%。全国2011年共报告疑似麻疹病例34642例,排除麻疹病例报告发病率为1.84/10万,疑似麻疹病例48h内完整调查率93.30%,散发疑似麻疹病例血标本采集率90.37%,血清学检测结果7d内报告率93.85%,62起麻疹爆发中血清学确诊比例为98.39%,采集病原学标本的起数占75.81%。全国共报告223例麻疹病例的病原学标本基因亚型鉴定结果,221例为H1a基因亚型,2例为d11基因型。结论中国预防控制麻疹成效显著,麻疹发病水平降至历史新低,MSS运转质量进一步提高。但要达到消除麻疹目标仍需更大努力,应将提高适龄儿童含麻疹成份疫苗(Measles-containing Vaccine,MCV)及时、全程接种率作为核心的免疫措施,继续做好重点地区MCV的集中查漏补种和麻疹疫情的调查与处置,杜绝二代病例的发生,从而阻断麻疹病毒持续传播,最终实现消除麻疹。

关键词(KeyWords)： 麻疹;流行病学特征;消除;进展

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 马超,郝利新,苏琪茹,马静,张燕,曹雷,罗会明

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