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目的 评估2023-2024年流感季中小学生接种三价灭活流感疫苗(Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine,TIV)预防流感的保护效果(Vaccine effectiveness,VE)。方法 通过深圳市学生健康监测信息系统、深圳市免疫规划信息管理系统和中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集深圳市龙岗区中小学生2023年10-12月TIV接种信息和截至2024年7月流感发病信息,采用倾向性评分匹配建立接种组和未接种组1∶1随访队列,计算流感发病密度,采用多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析TIV预防流感的调整后VE。结果 TIV接种组和未接种组各纳入研究对象240 047例,流感发病密度分别为7.59/100人年、9.99/100人年。接种TIV预防流感的调整后VE(95%CI)为24.05%(22.27%～25.80%),其中6～11岁、12～19岁分别为27.53%(25.56%～29.46%)、12.18%(8.02%～16.14%),上年度未接种流感疫苗、接种过TIV、接种过四价灭活流感疫苗者分别为36.73%(34.01%～39.34%)、17.46%(15.06%～19.80%)、14.83%(3.85%～24.55%),预防流感临床诊断病例、确诊病例分别为32.63%(28.90%～36.17%)、 22.17%(20.14%～24.14%),预防甲型流感、乙型流感、甲乙型混合流感分别为15.97%(13.23%～18.62%)、33.73%(30.39%～36.90%)、13.09%(-18.47%～34.65%)。结论 2023-2024年流感季研究地区中小学生接种TIV预防流感具有保护效果,建议每年在流感流行季节前尽早接种流感疫苗。
Abstract：ObjectiveTo evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE) of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine(TIV) against influenza among primary and secondary school students during the 2023-2024 influenza season.MethodsWe obtained data on TIV vaccination from October to December 2023 and influenza incidence as of July 2024 among primary and secondary school students in Longgang district, Shenzhen from the Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System, the Shenzhen Immunization Program Information Management System, and the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. We established a retrospective cohort of 1 ∶ 1 propensity-score-matched vaccinated and unvaccinated students and calculated influenza incidence densities by vaccination status. We used a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model to estimate adjusted VEs of TIV against influenza.ResultsThe cohort included 240 047 students; influenza incidence densities were 7. 59 and 9. 99 per 100 person-years in the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, respectively. Adjusted VE(95% CI) was 24. 05%(22. 27% to 25. 80%) overall, 27. 53%(25. 56%-29. 46%) in 6-11-year-olds, and 12. 18%(8. 02% to 16. 14%)in 12-19-year-olds. Adjusted VE was 36. 73%(34. 01% to 39. 34%) among students who had not received influenza vaccine the previous year, 17. 46%(15. 06% to 19. 80%) among students previously vaccinated with TIV, and 14. 83%( 3. 85% to 24. 55%) among students who previously received quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine. VEs against clinically-and laboratory-confirmed influenza were 32. 63%(28. 90% to 36. 17%) and 22. 17%(20. 14% to 24. 14%). VEs against influenza A,influenza B, and influenza A or influenza B were 15. 97%(13. 23% to 18. 62%), 33. 73%(30. 39% to 36. 90%), and 13. 09%(-18. 47% to 34. 65%).ConclusionsTIV vaccination showed protective effectiveness against influenza among primary and secondary school students in the study region during the 2023-2024 influenza season. We recommend influenza vaccination as early as possible, before the influenza season each year.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19914/j.CJVI.2025022
中图分类号:R186
引用信息:
[1]李武,刘兰兰,谭惠玲,等.2023-2024年流感季深圳市龙岗区中小学生接种三价灭活流感疫苗预防流感的保护效果评价[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2025,31(02):132-137.DOI:10.19914/j.CJVI.2025022.
基金信息:
深圳市龙岗区科技创新专项资金医疗卫生技术攻关项目(LGKCYLWS2023033)
2025-04-26
2025-04-26