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目的分析湖北省2010-2016年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价疫苗的安全性。方法采用描述流行病学方法对湖北省2010-2016年通过AEFI信息管理系统报告的AEFI个案数据进行描述性分析。结果湖北省2010-2016年共报告AEFI个案30 599例,年均报告发生率为24.79/10万剂。在所有AEFI中,一般反应、异常反应分别占91.05%、7.59%;男女性别比为1.41∶1;≤1岁儿童占71.43%;夏、秋季发生分别占35.58%、33.89%;99.39%的AEFI痊愈或好转;91.22%的不良反应病例接种至反应发生时间间隔≤1d。AEFI报告发生率较高的疫苗为麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗(76.73/10万剂)、无细胞百白破联合疫苗(48.61/10万剂)和乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗(45.28/10万剂);报告发生率最高的异常反应为过敏性皮疹(1.50/10万剂),严重过敏反应和神经系统反应报告发生率分别为0.07/10万剂、0.06/10万剂。结论湖北省2010-2016年AEFI监测敏感性逐年提高,所有疫苗安全性良好。
Abstract：Objective To analyze features of adverse events following immunization( AEFIs) in Hubei during 2010-2016,and to evaluate the safety of vaccines. Methods We used descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze AEFI data reported between 2010 and 2016 in Hubei that were obtained through the National AEFI Information Management System. Results In total,30 599 AEFI cases were reported in Hubei during 2010-2016,for an incidence of 24. 79 per 100 000 doses administered. Among the reported cases,91. 05% were common vaccine reactions and 7. 59% were rare vaccine reactions; the male to female ratio was 1. 41 ∶ 1; 71. 43% were among ≤1 year old children; 35. 58% occured in summer and 33. 89% occurred in autumn; 99. 39% recovered or had improved following treatment; 91. 22% of reactions occurred within a day of vaccination. Vaccines associated with higher AEFI rates included measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine( 76. 73 per 100 000 doses),diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine( 48. 61 per 100 000 doses),and Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine( 45. 28 per 100 000 doses). Allergic rash was the most common rare vaccine reaction( 1. 50 per 100 000 doses). The rates of severe allergic reactions and nervous system reactions were 0. 07 per100 000 doses and 0. 06 per 100 000 doses,respectively. Conclusions The sensitivity of AEFI surveillance increased in Hubei from 2010 to 2016 and revealed a good overall vaccine safety profile.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19914/j.cjvi.2018.03.012
中图分类号:R186
引用信息:
[1]王四全,张迟,王雷,等.2010-2016年湖北省疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2018,24(03):310-318.DOI:10.19914/j.cjvi.2018.03.012.
2018-05-21
2018-05-21
2018-05-21